In which scenario would the risk of air embolism increase?

The scenario in which the risk of air embolism increases is during the placement of a right double lumen central line. When inserting central venous catheters, particularly those with multiple lumens, there is a potential for air to enter the vascular system if precautions are not taken. This can happen if the catheter is not properly secured, if there is an inadvertent opening to the atmosphere during the placement, or if the lumen is not occluded while being introduced into the vessel. An air embolism occurs when air bubbles enter the bloodstream, which can disrupt blood flow and lead to serious complications, including damage to vital organs or even death.

In other scenarios, while they may present various risks, they do not typically result in an increased risk of air embolism. For example, a sevoflurane overdose primarily concerns respiratory and cardiovascular effects rather than air entering the bloodstream. Hypotension from drug administration can pose risks related to blood pressure and perfusion but does not directly relate to air emboli. Excessive hyperventilation may lead to changes in carbon dioxide levels or respiratory alkalosis but is not associated with the introduction of air into the vascular system. Thus, the placement of a central line is the most relevant scenario in this context for